Sequential Therapy With Cefuroxime Followed by Cefuroxime Axetil in Community-Acquired Pneumonia

¹ From the Pulmonary Division, Hospital St. Norbertus Duffel and Pulmonary Division, University Hospital, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
² From the Faculty Hospital of Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
³ From Medizinische Klinik III, Frankfurt, Germany
⁴ From Internal `H' Department, Soroka Hospital, Beer-Sheva, Israel
⁵ From Glaxo Wellcome Research and Development Ltd, Middlesex, United Kingdom

Study objectives: To compare the efficacy of two sequential therapy regimens of IV cefuroxime followed by oral cefuroxime axetil for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Design: Prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study.

Setting: Sixty-six centers in 11 countries (Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Poland, Portugal, South Africa, and the United Kingdom).

Patients: Six hundred thirty-six adults with CAP requiring hospitalization and initial IV antibiotic treatment.

Interventions: Cefuroxime, 1.5 g IV tid or bid for 48 to 72 h followed by oral cefuroxime axetil, 500 mg bid for 7 days.

Measurements and results: For clinically evaluable patients, the clinical response rates were equivalent for cefuroxime tid and bid groups posttreatment (cure/improvement, 79% and 84%, respectively) and at follow-up (maintained cure, 87% and 82%, respectively). All signs and symptoms of pneumonia showed improvement at the time of switch from IV to oral therapy. A total of 111 pathogens were isolated, the most common being Streptococcus pneumoniae (23%), Haemophilus influenzae (18%), and Enterobacteriaceae (15%). Bacteriologic clearance was obtained posttreatment in 47 of 49 and 36 of 42 of bacteriologically evaluable patients in the cefuroxime tid and bid groups, respectively. Both regimens were well tolerated with a low incidence of drug-related adverse events, the most common being GI.

Conclusions: Twice daily IV cefuroxime followed by oral cefuroxime axetil is a simple and effective sequential therapy regimen for the treatment of CAP. It offers potential cost savings and can replace the current tid regimen in this indication.

Key Words: antibiotic treatment • cefuroxime • cefuroxime axetil • community-acquired pneumonia • sequential therapy

Submitted on October 14, 1996
Accepted on January 23, 1997

This article has been cited by other articles:

				BTS Guidelines for the Management of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Adults Thorax, December 1, 2001; 56(90004): iv1 - 64. [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Ramirez and J. Bordon Early Switch From Intravenous to Oral Antibiotics in Hospitalized Patients With Bacteremic Community-Acquired Streptococcus pneumoniae Pneumonia Arch Intern Med, March 26, 2001; 161(6): 848 - 850. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Ramirez, S. Vargas, G. W. Ritter, M. E. Brier, A. Wright, S. Smith, D. Newman, J. Burke, M. Mushtaq, and A. Huang Early Switch From Intravenous to Oral Antibiotics and Early Hospital Discharge: A Prospective Observational Study of 200 Consecutive Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia Arch Intern Med, November 8, 1999; 159(20): 2449 - 2454. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				O. Uzun and E. J. Anaissie Outpatient therapy for febrile neutropenia: who, when and how? J. Antimicrob. Chemother., March 1, 1999; 43(3): 317 - 320. [Full Text] [PDF]