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(Chest. 2002;122:1627-1632.)
© 2002 American College of Chest Physicians

Prediction of Emergency Department Visits for Respiratory Symptoms Using an Artificial Neural Network*

Haim Bibi, MD; Amir Nutman, BSc; David Shoseyov, MD; Mendel Shalom, MSc; Ronit Peled, MPH; Shmuel Kivity, MD and Jacob Nutman, MD

* From the Barzilai Medical Center (Drs. Bibi and Shoseyov, and Mr. Peled), Ashkelon, Israel; Tel-Aviv Technical College (Mr. A. Nutman and Mr. Shalom), Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Allergy Clinic (Dr. Kivity), Soraski Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; and Department of Pediatrics (Dr. J. Nutman), The Children’s Medical Center of Overlook, Summit, NJ.

Correspondence to: Haim Bibi, MD, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel 78306; e-mail: haim_76407{at}yahoo.com

Study objectives: Accurate prediction of the effect of atmospheric changes, including pollutants, on emergency department (ED) visits for respiratory symptoms would be useful, but has proven difficult. The main difficulty is the limitation of the classical linear models and logistic regression with multiple variables to handle the multifactorial effect.

Design and setting: To predict ED visits, we have created a computer-based model called an artificial neural network (ANN) using a back-propagation training algorithm and genetic algorithm optimization. This ANN was fed meteorologic and air pollution input variables and trained to predict the number of patients admitted to the ED with respiratory symptoms of asthma, COPD, and acute and chronic bronchitis on the corresponding day. One thousand twenty data sets were extracted from an ED admittance database at the Barzilai Medical Center (Ashkelon, Israel), and randomized to a network training set (n = 816) and a test set (n = 204).

Results: The neural network performed best when the predictor variables used were temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, SO2, and oxidation products of nitric oxide, and the data presented as peak value 24 h prior to ED admission and the average during the 7 days before the ED visit. The neural network was able to predict the test set with an average error of 12%.

Conclusion: Based on meteorologic and pollution data, the use of an ANN can assist in the prediction of ED visits related to respiratory conditions.

Key Words: artificial neural networks • emergency department • respiratory symptoms






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