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(Chest. 2005;127:1312-1326.)
© 2005 American College of Chest Physicians

Cysteinyl Leukotrienes in Allergic Inflammation*

Strategic Target for Therapy

William Busse, MD and Monica Kraft, MD, FCCP

* From the University of Wisconsin (Dr. Busse), Madison Medical School, Madison, WI; and National Jewish Medical and Research Center (Dr. Kraft), Denver, CO.

Correspondence to: William Busse, MD, University of Wisconsin, Madison Medical School, Department of Medicine, 15/220 Clinical Science Center, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792-2454; e-mail: wwb{at}medicine.wisc.edu

Systemically bioavailable leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) can reduce the essential components of allergic inflammation in allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma by blocking cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT) activity, resulting in a wide range of clinical effects. CysLTs, mediators, and modulators in the pathophysiology of asthma and AR are a key target for therapy because they modulate production of hemopoietic progenitor cells, survival and recruitment of eosinophils to inflamed tissue, activity of cytokines and chemokines, quantity of exhaled NO, smooth-muscle contraction, and proliferation of fibroblasts. The mechanism of action of LTRAs leads to their effects on systemic allergic inflammatory processes.

Key Words: asthma • cytokines • eosinophils • inflammation • leukotrienes • leukotriene receptor antagonists • remodeling • rhinitis




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