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Patient- and Bed Partner-Reported Symptoms, Smoking, and Nasal Resistance in Sleep-Disordered Breathing^*

^* From the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peijas Hospital (Dr. Virkkula) and ENT Hospital (Drs. Hytönen and Malmberg), Departments of Clinical Neurophysiology (Dr. Salmi) and Pulmonary Medicine (Drs. Bachour and Maasilta), Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Correspondence to: Paula Virkkula, MD, PhD, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peijas Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Sairaalakatu 1, FIN-01400 Vantaa, Finland; e-mail: paula.virkkula{at}hus.fi

Objectives: Nocturnal and daytime symptoms are important determinants in clinical decision making in patients suspected of having sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). We compared patients’ and bed partners’ reporting of symptoms associated with SDB in a clinical sample of snoring men. The bed partners’ view on snoring disturbance was assessed. The relationship between sleep parameters, anthropometric data, and selected subjective symptoms was assessed. Additionally, we evaluated the relationship between smoking, nasal resistance, and habitual snoring.

Design: A cross-sectional, prospective study.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Patients: Thirty-seven consecutive snoring men referred to ENT Hospital because of a snoring problem or suspicion of sleep apnea, and scheduled for surgical treatment of nasal obstruction.

Interventions: The patients completed a sleep questionnaire, a questionnaire on nasal history, and the Epworth sleepiness scale. The bed partners were asked to complete a separate sleep questionnaire of the patient’s daytime and nocturnal symptoms. Both patients and bed partners evaluated the intensity of snoring on a visual analog scale. The patients underwent polysomnography and anterior rhinomanometry.

Results: Agreement of patients’ and bed partners’ reports on symptoms related to SDB was good in this material. One half of the bed partners were disturbed by snoring every night or almost every night, and one third of the bed partners reported disharmony in the relationship from time to time or repeatedly due to snoring. The combination of current smoking and total nasal resistance in a supine position higher than the median value in this patient sample was associated with history of habitual snoring.

Conclusions: Male patients and their bed partners seem to give congruent reports of snoring and symptoms related to SDB in a clinical population with mild SDB. One half of the bed partners found their sleep constantly disturbed. The combination of current smoking and high nasal resistance was related with habitual snoring.

Key Words: bed partners • polysomnography • questionnaires • rhinomanometry • sleep apnea

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				M. Kohler, K. E. Bloch, and J. R. Stradling The role of the nose in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnoea and snoring Eur. Respir. J., December 1, 2007; 30(6): 1208 - 1215. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]