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(Chest. 2005;128:2893-2909.)
© 2005 American College of Chest Physicians

Tumors of the Mediastinum*

Beau V. Duwe, MD; Daniel H. Sterman, MD. FCCP and Ali I. Musani, MD, FCCP

* From the Departments of Internal Medicine (Dr. Duwe) and Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine (Drs. Sterman and Musani), Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.

Correspondence to: Ali I. Musani, MD, Assistant Professor, Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Associate Director, Interventional Pulmonology Program, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; e-mail: amusani{at}mail.med.upenn.edu

Tumors of the mediastinum represent a wide diversity of disease states. The location and composition of a mass is critical to narrowing the differential diagnosis. The most common causes of an anterior mediastinal mass include the following: thymoma; teratoma; thyroid disease; and lymphoma. Masses of the middle mediastinum are typically congenital cysts, including foregut and pericardial cysts, while those that arise in the posterior mediastinum are often neurogenic tumors. The clinical sequelae of mediastinal masses can range from being asymptomatic to producing symptoms of cough, chest pain, and dyspnea. This article will review the anatomy of the mediastinum as well as the different clinical, radiographic, and prognostic features, and therapeutic options of the most commonly encountered masses.

Key Words: bronchogenic • cysts • enterogenous • germ cell tumor • goiter • lymphoma • mediastinum • neuroblastoma • neurogenic tumor • pericardial • teratoma • thyroid • thymoma




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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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