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(Chest. 2006;129:1715-1718.)
© 2006 American College of Chest Physicians

Hemoptysis in Lung Transplant Recipients*

A Series of 15 Cases

Laurent Plantier, MD; Hervé Mal, MD; Olivier Brugière, MD; Yves Castier, MD; Camille Taillé, MD; Guy Lesèche, MD and Michel Fournier, MD

* From the Services de Pneumologie (Drs. Plantier, Mal, Brugière, Taillé, and Fournier) and Chirurgie Thoracique (Drs. Castier and Lesèche), Hôpital Beaujon, Clichy, France.

Correspondence to: Hervé Mal, MD, Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Beaujon, 92110 Clichy, France; e-mail: herve.mal{at}bjn.aphp.fr

Study objectives: Respiratory complications are frequent after lung transplantation (LTx), and many of these complications have the potential to cause hemoptysis. However, surprisingly, only a few isolated cases of hemoptysis have been reported in LTx recipients. Here, we describe a series of patients who underwent LTx at our center who developed hemoptysis during their postoperative course.

Setting: A tertiary care university hospital.

Results: Of 197 LTx recipients, hemoptysis developed in 15 over a 16-year period. The pulmonary circulation as well as the systemic circulation were involved in the mechanism of hemoptysis. Six patients had moderate or minimal hemoptysis, while nine patients had life-threatening hemoptysis, which occurred during the first year after LTx in all cases. Active necrotizing ischemic airway injury was present in five of the nine patients with life-threatening hemoptysis. Eight of those nine patients died as a result of hemoptysis. Overall, hemoptysis was the cause of death in 4.5% of patients who underwent LTx at our institution.

Conclusion: In our series of transplant patients, hemoptysis was not rare and was associated with a high rate of mortality.

Key Words: airway • hemoptysis • transplants






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