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(Chest. 2006;130:487-492.)
© 2006 American College of Chest Physicians

Aerosol Therapy by Pressured Metered-Dose Inhaler-Spacer in Sleeping Young Children*

To Do or Not to Do?

José Esposito-Festen, MD, PhD; Hanneke Ijsselstijn, MD PhD; Wim Hop, PhD; Frans van Vliet, BSc; Johan de Jongste, MD, PhD and Harm Tiddens, MD PhD

* From the Department of Pediatrics (Drs. Esposito-Festen, de Jongste, and Tiddens), Division of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; St. Franciscus Gasthuis (Dr. Ijsselstijn), Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and the Department of Biostatistics (Dr. Hop), and the Hospital Pharmacy (Mr. van Vliet), Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Correspondence to: Harm Tiddens, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, PO Box 2060, 3000 CB Rotterdam, the Netherlands; e-mail: H.Tiddens{at}erasmusmc.nl

Abstract

One third of young children are distressed during inhalation therapy. It has been suggested that administration during sleep could be a good alternative for these children. A laboratory study in our department using an infant upper airway model showed significantly higher lung doses from a pressured metered-dose inhaler (pMDI)-spacer for sleep-breathing patterns compared with wake-breathing patterns.

Objective: We set up a daily life study to investigate the feasibility of aerosol administration by means of pMDI-spacer in sleeping young children.

Design: Over a period of 3 weeks, 30 children (age range, 6 to 23 months) with recurrent wheeze daily inhaled 1 puff of budesonide aerosol (200 µg) while awake and 1 puff during sleep. Filters positioned between the chamber and the facemask trapped the budesonide aerosol. Parents scored the child’s asthma symptoms, degree of cooperation, and feasibility of administration on diary cards.

Results: In 69% of the sleep administrations, the children woke up, and in 75% of these cases the children were distressed. The mean filter dose (expressed as the percentage of the nominal dose) while awake was 47%, and during sleep it was 16% (p = 0.007). The median within-subject dose variability while awake was 50%, and during sleep it was 110% (p = 0.007).

Conclusion: Aerosol administration by means of pMDI-spacer during sleep offers no advantage and is not a feasible treatment option in most young children.

Key Words: infants • inhalation therapy • sleep • spacer






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