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(Chest. 2006;130:672-675.)
© 2006 American College of Chest Physicians

Exploring the Time Dependence of Serum Clara Cell Protein as a Biomarker of Pulmonary Injury in Humans*

Ragnberth Helleday, MD, PhD; Bo Segerstedt, PhD; Bertil Forsberg, PhD; Ian Mudway, PhD; Gunnar Nordberg, MD, PhD; Alfred Bernard, PhD and Anders Blomberg, MD, PhD

* From the Departments of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy (Drs. Helleday and Blomberg) and Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Environmental and Occupational Medicine (Drs. Segerstedt, Forsberg, and Nordberg), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Lung Biology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics (Dr. Mudway), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, King’s College London, London, UK; and Industrial Toxicology Unit (Dr. Bernard), Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.

Correspondence to: Anders Blomberg, MD, PhD, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, University Hospital, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden; e-mail: anders.blomberg{at}lung.umu.se

Abstract

We have previously demonstrated Clara cell protein (CC16) [secretoglobin 1A1] in serum to be a highly sensitive biomarker of altered lung epithelial permeability after ozone challenge. As a previous experimental study has indicated a diurnal variation in serum CC16 in humans, the aims of the present investigation were to confirm this observation and to attempt to model the diurnal variation in CC16 concentrations. In 18 healthy nonsmoking subjects, peripheral blood samples were drawn at six sampling points over a 15-h period and repeated twice within 3 to 4 weeks. A clear within-day variation was revealed in serum CC16 concentrations, falling significantly from baseline levels between the 11:30 AM and 10:00 PM time points (p = 0.000). Furthermore, it was shown that this within-day variation was reproducible regardless of subject or day, enabling the diurnal variation in serum CC16 to be modeled and fitted a second-degree polynomial for the observed time span. In conclusion, the present data demonstrate a pronounced time-dependent diurnal variation in serum levels of CC16, which can be mathematically compensated for, when addressing the issue of an air pollution-induced effect on CC16 in field studies.

Key Words: biomarker • Clara cell protein • diurnal variation • lung permeability • secretoglobin 1A1






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Copyright © 2006 by the American College of Chest Physicians.