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(Chest. 2006;130:968-975.)
© 2006 American College of Chest Physicians

Association Between Lung Cancer Incidence and Family History of Lung Cancer*

Data From a Large-Scale Population-Based Cohort Study, the JPHC Study

Jun-ichi Nitadori, MD; Manami Inoue, MD, PhD; Motoki Iwasaki, MD, PhD; Tetsuya Otani, MD, PhD; Shizuka Sasazuki, MD, PhD; Kanji Nagai, MD, PhD; Shoichiro Tsugane, MD, PhD; the JPHC Study Group{dagger}

* From the Epidemiology and Prevention Division (Drs. Nitadori, Inoue, Iwasaki, Otani, Sasazuki, and Tsugane), Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, Tokyo; and Thoracic Oncology Division (Dr. Nagai), National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan. {dagger} Study group members are listed in the Appendix.

Correspondence to: Manami Inoue, MD, PhD, Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045 Japan; e-mail: mnminoue{at}gan2.res.ncc.go.jp

Abstract

Study objectives: To clarify the possibility of a hereditary predisposition to lung cancer, we investigated the association between a family history of lung cancer and subsequent risk of lung cancer in a large-scale, population-based cohort study.

Design: We investigated 102,255 middle-aged and older Japanese subjects (48,834 men and 53,421 women) with 13-year follow-up. A total of 791 cases of lung cancer were newly diagnosed during the follow-up period.

Results: A family history of lung cancer in a first-degree relative was associated with a significantly increased risk of lung cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31 to 2.88). The association was stronger in women than in men (HR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.40 to 5.01 and HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.03 to 2.78, respectively), and in never-smokers than in current smokers (HR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.27 to 4.84 and HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 0.99 to 3.00, respectively). In addition, family history was more strongly associated with the risk of squamous cell carcinoma than with other histologic types (HR, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.37 to 5.68), while no clear increase in risk was observed in adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma. A family history of overall cancer was not associated with an increased risk of lung cancer.

Conclusions: These results suggest that those with a family history of lung cancer are more likely to acquire lung cancer themselves.

Key Words: cancer incidence • familial aggregation • family history • lung cancer • population-based cohort study




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A. G. Schwartz
Lung cancer: family history matters.
Chest, October 1, 2006; 130(4): 936 - 937.
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