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doi:10.1378/chest.06-1976
(Chest. 2007; 131:554-562)
© 2007 American College of Chest Physicians
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Epidemiology and Outcomes of Acute Lung Injury*

Gordon D. Rubenfeld, MD, MSc and Margaret S. Herridge, MD, MPH, FCCP

* From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (Dr. Rubenfeld), Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; and the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (Dr. Herridge), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Correspondence to: Gordon D. Rubenfeld, MD, MSc, Box 359762, Harborview Medical Center, 325 Ninth Ave, Seattle WA 98104; e-mail: nodrog{at}u.washington.edu

Abstract

Acute lung injury (ALI) and its presentation with more severe hypoxemia, the ARDS, is a challenging entity for clinical investigation because, like many critical illness syndromes, it lacks an accepted diagnostic test and relies on a constellation of clinical findings for diagnosis. Despite these barriers, there have been important advances in the clinical and population epidemiology of ALI. This article will review recent studies of the incidence, diagnosis, etiologic and prognostic factors, relevant disease subsets, mortality, and long-term outcomes of ALI. A detailed understanding of the epidemiology and outcomes of ALI is essential for future research on mechanisms of both the acute presentation and long-term sequelae, for designing studies to identify genetic risk factors for developing ALI, and to develop strategies to treat or prevent the morbidity encountered by survivors.

Key Words: acute lung injury • diagnosis • epidemiology • incidence • mortality • prognosis • sequelae




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