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1 Department of Chest Diseases and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Meir Hospital, Kfar-Saba, and Tel-Aviv University School of Medicine, Israel.
A group of seven "normal" young adults who complained of dyspnea during exercise only, and who were nonsmokers with no previous history of pulmonary disease, were studied. No abnormal physical findings or chest x-ray abnormalities were present. All showed an increased residual volume and functional residual capacity in the presence of normal total lung resistance and forced expiratory volume in the 1st second. A decrease in dynamic compliance up to 64 percent mean value of the static compliance (range 48 percent to 78 percent) at a respiratory frequency of 90 breaths per minute was found which indicated airway obstruction of the peripheral bronchioles. In a control group of five normal subjects no decrease in frequency dependent compliance occurred. Combined antibiotic and bronchoditor treatment reversed the functional abnormalities in only one out of the seven patients. In these patients the overdistension of the lung is the result of small airways obstruction. The cause of small airways disease is assumed to be either an inflammatory process, allergic reaction or both.
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