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(Chest. 1974;65:548-551.)
© 1974 American College of Chest Physicians

A Pilot Study Concerning the Early Immunosuppressive Effects of Rifampin in Man

Allen Litwin M.D.1; Stuart M. Brooks M.D., F.C.C.P.1; and Frieda Claes M.S.2

1 University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
2 Research Associate, Division of Immunology, Department of Medicine

The early effects of rifampin-isoniazid therapy on humoral and cell-mediated immunity were studied in six patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and nine normal control subjects. Humoral antibody responses were tested using two different DNA viral bacteriophages. T2 immunization was performed before Ø X 174 was administered two weeks after therapy was started. Neutralizing titers for both bacteriophages were measured after incubation of the serum with 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), which distinguishes immunoglobulin G antibodies from other immunoglobulins. The total antibody responses to both bacteriophages were higher in the patients, but not statistically different from the control subjects. The 2-ME resistant Ø X 174 antibody titer, which measures mainly immunoglobulin G antibodies, was significantly depressed at 14 and 28 days. Six weeks of rifampin-isoniazid therapy produced no noticeable impairment of cellular immunity when measured by the responses either to antigens, to which pre-existing cellular immunity existed, or by induction of cellular immunity with 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene. The data suggest that two weeks of rifampin therapy in the usual recommended dosage is associated with some partial suppression in immunoglobulin G synthesis. From all evidence, it appears that this mild depression is not of clinical significance.




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K.-i. Inoue, Y. Kawahito, H. Sano, T. Yoshikawa, M. Toyoshima, K. Chida, T. Suda, S. Imokawa, and H. Nakamura
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