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(Chest. 1974;65:650-654.)
© 1974 American College of Chest Physicians

Endotracheally Administered Gentamicin for the Prevention of Infections of the Respiratory Tract in Patients with Tracheostomy: A Double-Blind Study

Jean Klastersky M.D.1; Eric Huysmans M.D.1; Danièle Weerts 1; Colette Hensgens M.D.1; and Didier Daneau 1

1 Service de Médecine et Laboratoire d'Investigation Clinique (Section des Maladies Infectieuses), Institut Jules Bordet, Centre des Tumeurs de I'Université Libre de Bruxelles et Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Universitaire Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique

Endotracheal administration of gentamicin has been compared with saline injections in a double-blind study of 85 patients admitted to a neurosurgical unit with fracheostomy. Endotracheal administration of gentamicin reduced significantly the incidence of colonization of the tracheal secretions by Gram-negative rods (p<0.01) and decreased significantly the frequency of bacteriologically proved episodes of respiratory tract infections (p <0.01). Bacteria isolated from patients treated with gentamicin were slightly more resistant to gentamicin than the microorganisms recovered from the respiratory tract of salinetreated control patients. It is concluded that endotracheal administration of gentamicin to patients with tracheostomy may be a helpful adjunct to their management; however, special attention should be paid to the possible emergence of gentamicin-resistant microorganisms during this form of treatment.

Submitted on October 30, 1974
Accepted on December 17, 1974




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