This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: chest.07-2812v1 134/2/351    most recent Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to My Personal Article Archive Download to citation manager Google Scholar Articles by Santamaria, F. Articles by de Jong, P. A. PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Santamaria, F. Articles by de Jong, P. A.

Structural and Functional Lung Disease in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia^*

^* From the Department of Pediatrics (Drs. Santamaria, Montella, and Maglione), Federico II University, Naples, Italy; the Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology (Drs. Tiddens, Casotti, and de Jong), Erasmus MC-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (Dr. Guidi), Radiology Service, AORN Antonio Cardarelli, Naples, Italy.

Correspondence to: Pim A. de Jong, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, HP E.01.132, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; e-mail: pimdejong{at}gmail.com

Abstract

Background: High-resolution CT (HRCT) scan data on primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) related lung disease are scarce.

Study objectives: We evaluated the lung disease in children and adults with PCD by a modified Brody composite HRCT scan score to assess the prevalence of the structural abnormalities; to evaluate the correlation among HRCT scan scores, spirometry findings, and clinical data; and to compare the PCD scores with those of age-matched and sex-matched cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.

Patients and methods: Twenty PCD patients (age range, 4.6 to 27.5 years) underwent HRCT scanning, spirometry, and deep throat or sputum culture. A modified Brody score was used to assess bronchiectasis, mucous plugging, peribronchial thickening, parenchyma abnormalities, and mosaic perfusion.

Results: The total HRCT scan score was 6% of the maximal score (range, 0.5 to 25.5). Subscores were as follows: bronchiectasis, 5.6%; mucous plugging, 5.6%; peribronchial thickening, 8.3%; parenchyma, 3%; and mosaic perfusion, 0%. The prevalence of lung changes were as follows: bronchiectasis, 80%; peribronchial thickening, 80%; mucous plugging, 75%; parenchyma, 65%; and mosaic perfusion, 45%. Sixteen of 19 PCD patients had positive culture findings, and the most common pathogen found was Haemophilus influenzae (84%). The total HRCT scan score was significantly related to age (p = 0.006), FEV₁ (p = 0.02), and FVC (p = 0.02). The bronchiectasis subscore was significantly related to FEV₁ (p = 0.04) and FVC (p = 0.03). In CF patients, the total HRCT scan score was significantly higher than that in PCD patients (p = 0.02).

Conclusions: PCD patients show significantly lower pulmonary HRCT scan scores than CF patients. The PCD total and bronchiectasis scores correlate with spirometry findings. The PCD HRCT scan score might be used for longitudinal assessment and/or represent an outcome surrogate in future studies.

Key Words: adults • children • cystic fibrosis • high-resolution CT scan • primary ciliary dyskinesia